The indigo dye is now created synthetically to reduce costs and make the material more accessible than ever before. At this point, each fiber known as silvers are detangled, cleaned, and spun together to create thicker pieces of thread. The threads are dipped into tubs full of synthetic indigo dye before being woven together. Large balls of yarn called ball warps are dipped into the dye several times to retain the color. Eventually, the dye loses its vibrancy, which is why denim fades in color after being repeatedly washed.
However, a small amount of sulfur is used to stabilize the layers of dye ensuring that a good amount of blue will still be visible in the end product. The indigo yarn is woven together through two different methods. First is the most common process known as the 3-by The blue threads forming the warp long, vertical threads are combined with white threads forming the weft shorter, horizontal threads. During this process, more warp blue threads are used than weft white giving denim its vibrant color.
The other method of weaving is through a process called selvage. This is when the denim is created the original way on old looms dating back to the s. Production speed is much slower, reducing the tension on the yarns and creating a softer, more durable fabric.
Due to the costs and need for skilled workers, selvage weaving is only done in Japan and Italy. This ensures the fabric retains its size and durability. The denim is also brushed down to remove any loose threads and lint and washed to give it a faded look. Denim manufacturers take quality control very seriously and monitor any defects or variations in color. After being shipped to retailers across the country, the denim is ready to be sold and added to your closet!
There is a mix of many different styles that range in price and accessibility. Jeans are named after the city of Genoa in Italy, a place where cotton corduroy, called either jean or jeane, was manufactured. Levi Strauss came from Germany to New York in to join his older brother who had a dry goods store. There he sold, among other things, cotton cloth. One of his customers was Jacob W. Davis, a tailor from Reno, Nevada.
Davis made functional items such as tents, horse blankets, and wagon covers. One day, his customer ordered a pair of sturdy pants that could withstand hard work. When he wanted to patent them, he wrote to Levi Strauss, and they became partners. They opened a bigger factory, and that is how jeans were born. Jeans marked culture of the last years probably more than we think.
They were first working clothes, then symbols of disobedience only to become fashion items. History of denim and jeans is long and colorful. Jacob W. Davis and Levi Strauss teamed up from necessity and created an item that will influence cultural groups for years and even today - they created jeans. It can be done with smaller or bigger stones. Smaller stones fade jeans more evenly while bigger give more uneven texture and lines.
Denim can also be sprayed with sand or chemicals during the wash process to create a worn-out appearance. A finished pair of jeans is then pressed in large pressing machines that press whole pants at once. After those jeans are boxed according to style, color, and size and sent to the warehouse. From warehouse boxes of jeans are sent to stores. Byproducts of manufacturing are treated according to their biodegradability.
Biodegradable ones can be dumped into nature while those that are not like starch and dye must be processed in compliance with all relevant government regulations. Blue Jeans are usually made out of percent cotton, but there are types of blue jeans that have synthetic in them.
Rivets are made of copper, while the zippers, snaps, and buttons are usually steel. Labels are made out of cloth, leather or plastic, and embroidered with cotton thread.
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